P1-P4 Laser Scribing
P1 Laser Scribing: Precision Patterning of TCO Layers
P1 laser scribing creates the foundational isolation lines on the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer, typically using nanosecond infrared or picosecond green lasers. This process requires complete TCO removal without damaging the glass substrate—a challenge Lecheng addresses with ±5μm straightness control and heat-affected zones below 0.5μm. The company's 24-beam splitting technology enables simultaneous scribing across 2400×1200mm panels, achieving 20-50μm line widths critical for large-area module efficiency.
P2/P3 Scribing: Interconnection and Cell Isolation
P2 scribing exposes the TCO layer by removing hole transport, perovskite, and electron transport layers with 30-60μm precision, while P3 isolates adjacent cell electrodes. Lecheng's picosecond green/UV lasers achieve <1μm heat-affected zones and prevent TCO damage exceeding 20% layer thickness. The integrated vision system tracks P1 lines in real-time, enabling adaptive P2/P3 patterning that minimizes dead zones to <150μm—directly boosting module efficiency by 3-5%.
P4 Edge Isolation: Ensuring Long-Term Reliability
P4 laser edge isolation removes peripheral thin films to create encapsulation areas, using high-power fiber lasers (>1000W) for efficient processing. Lecheng's galvanometer scanning systems achieve 0.1mm precision with proprietary dust extraction, preventing layer interdiffusion that causes electrical shorts. This process extends module lifespan to >10,000 hours by blocking moisture ingress—a key milestone for perovskite commercialization.
P1-P4 laser scribing transforms perovskite solar cells from lab curiosities to commercial products by enabling monolithic integration, efficiency optimization, and reliability assurance. Lecheng's integrated laser solutions—featuring multi-beam processing, real-time tracking, and industry-leading precision—demonstrate how advanced manufacturing technologies accelerate the renewable energy transition.
